RETINA

Guided Trocar Insertion in Highly Myopic Eyes

imagePurpose:

To demonstrate through a diagnostic test used as a new preoperative assessment that trocar insertion for pars plana vitrectomy could be safely placed at a distance >4.0 mm in highly myopic eyes to facilitate the surgical maneuvers.

Methods:

Thirty eyes of 30 patients were tested with a biometer for the axial length measurement and with ultrasound biomicroscopy to measure the pars plana length. Pars plana lengths of highly myopic eyes were then compared with those of emmetropic eyes. The surgeon also measured the pars plana of highly myopic eyes intraoperatively and compared it with ultrasound measurements to assess ultrasound biomicroscopy reliability.

Results:

The mean axial length was 23.81 mm (SD ± 0.30) in the control group and 31.11 mm (SD ± 0.56) in the myopic group. The mean pars plana length was 4.96 mm (SD ± 0.19) in control eyes and 6.65 (SD ± 0.36) in myopic eyes. An extremely significant statistical difference (P 30 mm, in relative safety at a distance to limbus higher than 4 mm.

By , ago

OUTCOMES OF INFECTIOUS PANUVEITIS ASSOCIATED WITH SIMULTANEOUS MULTI-POSITIVE OCULAR FLUID POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION

imagePurpose:

To evaluate features of infectious panuveitis associated with multiple pathogens detected by ocular fluid sampling.

Methods:

Single-center, retrospective, consecutive case series of patients with aqueous/vitreous polymerase chain reaction testing with >1 positive result in a single sample from 2001 to 2021.

Results:

Of 1,588 polymerase chain reaction samples, 28 (1.76%) were positive for two pathogens. Most common pathogens were cytomegalovirus (n = 16, 57.1%) and Epstein–Barr virus (n = 13, 46.4%), followed by varicella zoster virus (n = 8, 28.6%), Toxoplasma gondii (n = 6, 21.4%), herpes simplex virus 2 (n = 6, 21.4%), herpes simplex virus 1 (n = 6, 21.4%), and Toxocara (n = 1, 3.6%). Mean initial and final visual acuity (logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution) were 1.3 ± 0.9 (Snellen ∼20/400) and 1.3 ± 1.1 (Snellen ∼20/400), respectively. Cytomegalovirus-positive eyes (n = 16, 61.5%) had a mean final visual acuity of 0.94 ± 1.1 (Snellen ∼20/175), whereas cytomegalovirus-negative eyes (n = 10, 38%) had a final visual acuity of 1.82 ± 1.0 (Snellen ∼20/1,320) (P

By , ago

EFFICIENCY AND SAFETY OF INTERNAL LIMITING MEMBRANE PEELING WITH DIFFERENT FORCEPS FOR MACULAR DISEASE

imagePurpose:

To compare the efficiency and safety of internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling between the Sharkskin forceps and End-grasping forceps in various macular diseases.

Methods:

It is a prospective cohort block-randomized study conducted in a tertiary medical center. Seventy subjects with macular hole, epiretinal membrane, vitreomacular traction syndrome, or myopic foveoschisis, receiving pars plana vitrectomy and ILM peeling surgery were equally divided into Sharkskin forceps group and End-grasping forceps group. The duration of ILM peeling, the number of attempts to initiate peeling, and peeling-related retinal damage were evaluated by recorded video and optical coherence tomography.

Results:

In the Sharkskin group, the authors demonstrated significantly fewer attempts to initiate ILM peeling compared with End-grasping group, with an average of 1.9 and 3.1 attempts (P = 0.0001) and a lower incidence of retinal microstructural damage (20% vs. 45%, P

By Chang, Hsin-Ho; Chen, Shih-Jen; Hsu, Chia-An; Chou, Yu-Bai, ago

FOVEAL PHENOTYPES IN CHOROIDEREMIA ON ADAPTIVE OPTICS SCANNING LIGHT OPHTHALMOSCOPY

imagePurpose:

Choroideremia is an X-linked inherited retinal degeneration involving the choriocapillaris, retinal pigment epithelium, and photoreceptors. Adaptive optics scanning light ophthalmoscopy allows visualization of retinal structure at the level of individual cells and is well poised to provide insight into the pathophysiologic mechanisms underpinning the retinal degeneration in choroideremia.

Methods:

Foveal adaptive optics scanning light ophthalmoscopy images of 102 eyes of 54 individuals with choroideremia were analyzed. Measures were compared with those from standard clinical imaging. Visual acuity was also measured and compared with quantitative foveal metrics.

Results:

The 3 distinct phenotypes observed were: relatively normal (5 eyes, 4 individuals), spiderweb (9 eyes, 7 individuals), and salt and pepper (87 eyes, 47 individuals). Peak cone density (86 eyes of 51 individuals) was significantly lower in choroideremia than in healthy retinas (P

By Wynne, Niamh; Jiang, Yu You; Aleman, Tomas S.; Morgan, Jessica I.W., ago