Purpose:
To describe the features of retinal detachments and high myopia in patients with novel pathogenic variants in LEPREL1 and report a possible association with nephropathy.
Methods:
Retrospective study of 10 children with biallelic LEP…
Purpose:
To investigate trends and the potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the utilization of intravitreal antivascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) pharmaceuticals in an accountable care organization (ACO).
Methods:
We retrospectively analyzed the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services beneficiary claims for all patients in the Houston Methodist Coordinated Care ACO registry during the years 2018, 2019, and 2020.
Results:
Across the 3 years studied, a mean of 708 patients received anti-VEGF injections per year. The percentage of patients who received anti-VEGF injections decreased in each sequential year, with a steeper decline during the COVID-19 pandemic in the year 2020 (decrease by 0.4% from 2019 to 2020, P
Purpose:
Previous studies examining the risk of retinoblastoma with maternal smoking were inconclusive, likely due in part to the reliance on self-reported maternal smoking. This study uses biomarkers of tobacco smoking in neonatal dried blood spot…
Purpose:
To correlate the number of inflammatory reactivations in atrophic foci of multifocal choroiditis (MFC) with their growth rate over a 4-year span.
Methods:
Comparative case series. Optical coherence tomography scans of patients affected by MFC were reviewed to identify reactivations within or at the margin of atrophic MFC foci. The area of selected lesions was semiautomatically delineated on fundus autofluorescence images and recorded at yearly intervals for a total follow-up of 4 years. The main outcome was the difference in annual square-root transformed area growth rate between lesions that reactivated and lesions that did not.
Results:
Sixty-six foci of 30 eyes of 24 patients were included. All MFC foci enlarged over time, but the annual growth rate was more than double in lesions that reactivated compared with those that did not (mean [SD], 0.051 [0.035] vs. 0.021 [0.015] mm/year, P
Purpose:
To quantify the rate of idiopathic macular hole progression from presentation and identify factors that may influence stratification and urgency for surgical listing based on the initial optical coherence tomography scans.
Methods:
The minimal linear diameter (MLD), base diameter (BD), and hole height on nasal and temporal sides of idiopathic macular hole were measured on spectral domain optical coherence tomographies, on initial presentation and just before surgery. Mean hole height, hole height asymmetry (absolute difference between nasal and temporal height), MLD/BD, and MLD change per day (MLD/day) were calculated for each patient. Multivariable linear regression analysis with MLD/day as the dependent variable was performed to identify significant risk factors for MLD progression. Minimal linear diameter was grouped to quintiles: 1: ≤290 µm, 2: >290 µm and ≤385 µm, 3: >385 µm and ≤490 µm, 4: >490 µm and ≤623 µm, and 5: >623 µm.
Results:
In 161 eyes (157 patients), we report significant associations with MLD/day: 1) MLD/BD (P = 0.039) (i.e., wide BD relative to MLD lead to faster progression of MLD), 2) hole height asymmetry (P = 0.006) (larger absolute difference between nasal and temporal hole height lead to faster progression), and 3) days between scans (P
Purpose:
To determine the longitudinal changes in patterns of inner scleral curvature and development of posterior staphylomas in the eyes of highly myopic youths.
Methods:
A retrospective, longitudinal study. Ultra-widefield optic coherence…
Purpose:
To examine the morphologic changes in macular neovascularization (MNV) secondary to age-related macular degeneration after 2 years of aflibercept treatment under a treat-and-extend (T&E) regimen.
Methods:
This retrospective study analyzed the medical records for 26 eyes of 25 patients diagnosed with treatment-naive neovascular age-related macular degeneration and treated with aflibercept under a treat-and-extend regimen for 2 years. The areas of the MNV and vascular structures were assessed using swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography at baseline and after 2 years of treatment.
Results:
The mean MNV area increased significantly from 0.65 ± 0.42 mm2 at baseline to 0.78 ± 0.45 mm2 at 2 years. At 2 years, the mean change in the MNV area from baseline was 22% (interquartile range: 4%–60%). The baseline MNV area was negatively correlated with the change ratio of the MNV areas at 2 years and baseline (R = −0.68, P
Purpose:
To describe the imaging characteristics and topographic expansion of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and outer retinal atrophy in extensive macular atrophy with pseudodrusen-like appearance.
Methods:
Three-year, prospective, observational study. Nine patients with extensive macular atrophy with pseudodrusen-like appearance (17 eyes; 6 women) with no other ocular conditions were annually examined; one eye was excluded because of macular neovascularization. Best-corrected visual acuity measurement, fundus photographs, blue-light autofluorescence, and optical coherence tomography were performed at each visit. Formation of atrophy was analyzed on optical coherence tomography at foveal and extrafoveal areas following the Classification of Atrophy Meeting recommendations. Spatial enlargement throughout four sectors was assessed on blue-light autofluorescence after placing an Early Treatment for Diabetic Retinopathy Study grid centered on the foveola.
Results:
Mean age was 53.0 ± 2.1 years at baseline with a follow-up of 36.6 ± 0.7 months. Thinning of the outer nuclear layer and disruption of the ellipsoid zone initially appeared above areas of RPE–Bruch membrane separation and preceded RPE atrophy. Subfoveal fibrosis was seen in 65% of the eyes. Superior sector involvement was found in all patients at baseline and was significantly larger than the other sectors at any time point (P
Purpose:
To evaluate the effect of syringe design and filling technique on the accuracy of anti–vascular endothelial growth factor delivery.
Methods:
Volume output was measured with three syringe designs: a 1.0-mL slip-tip syringe, a 1.0-mL …