PUNCTATE INNER PACHYCHOROIDOPATHY: Demographic and Clinical Features of Inner Choroidal Inflammation in Eyes with Pachychoroid Disease

imagePurpose:

To perform an unsupervised machine learning clustering of patients with punctate inner choroidopathy (PIC) and provide new insights into the significance of pachychoroid disease features in PIC eyes.

Methods:

Retrospective multicenter study, including 102 eyes from 82 patients diagnosed with PIC. Demographics, clinical data, and multimodal imaging, including fundus photography, optical coherence tomography, and indocyanine green angiography, were collected. Clusters of eyes were identified, and multilevel logistic regression analysis was performed to compare between-group differences.

Results:

Using 17 clinical features, two distinct clusters of patients with PIC were identified. Cluster 1 patients were characterized by older age, high myopia, myopic maculopathy features, thin choroids, multiple lesions, and a higher likelihood of developing patchy chorioretinal atrophy. Cluster 2 consisted of younger age, emmetropia or low myopia, thick choroids, choroidal vascular hyperpermeability on late-phase indocyanine green angiography, and high prevalence of focal choroidal excavation. These features exhibited significant differences (P

PREDICTORS OF 3-MONTH AND 1-YEAR VISUAL OUTCOMES AFTER VITRECTOMY WITH SUBRETINAL TISSUE PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR INJECTION FOR SUBMACULAR HEMORRHAGE

imagePurpose:

To investigate factors associated with 3-month or 1-year best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) after vitrectomy with subretinal tissue plasminogen activator injection for submacular hemorrhage (SMH) and to identify the predictors of early displacement.

Methods:

This prospective cohort study included consecutive eyes with SMH complicating neovascular age-related macular degeneration or retinal macroaneurysm that underwent vitrectomy with subretinal tissue plasminogen activator injection and were followed up for at least 3 months. Parameters that correlated with 3-month BCVA, 1-year BCVA, and 2-week displacement grade (0–3) were identified.

Results:

Twenty-nine eyes of 29 patients (73.1 ± 8.4 years; neovascular age-related macular degeneration, 25 eyes) were included. Logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution BCVA improved 3 months after the surgery (baseline, 0.76 [20/115] ± 0.35; 3-month, 0.51 [20/65] ± 0.32; P = 0.006). In multivariable analyses, 1-year logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution BCVA correlated with age (P = 0.007, β = 0.39) and SMH recurrence within 1 year after surgery (P