SIGNIFICANCE
Visual field loss is a common consequence of stroke and often precludes driving. However, legal visual requirements for drivers’ licenses are largely without scientific basis.
PURPOSE
This study aimed to examine the effects of d…
SIGNIFICANCE
Unilateral acute idiopathic maculopathy is a rare retinochoroidal disorder, the cause of which is unknown. Multimodal retinal imaging obtained in this case suggests that the cause of unilateral acute idiopathic maculopathy is impaired …
SIGNIFICANCE
Epidural anesthesia is a safe procedure used in pregnant patients during labor. However, caution should be exercised in those patients who have concurrent Arnold-Chiari malformation.
PURPOSE
This study aimed to report a rare and…
SIGNIFICANCE
These cases highlight the importance of monitoring choroidal nevi with benign imaging characteristics and the potential to quantify horizontal growth using optical coherence tomography (OCT), in the absence of color fundus photography….
SIGNIFICANCE
The Developmental Eye Movement (DEM) test, a test purported to assess oculomotor skills, does not detect eye movement disorder in nystagmus syndromes. The test should not be used for the clinical evaluation of oculomotor disorders.
PURPOSE
The DEM test ratio compares a horizontal number naming subtest with a vertical one to identify oculomotor problems independent of a child’s visual-verbal naming skills. Here, we tested the construct validity of this method by comparing scores of children with and without pathologic nystagmus. Such a nystagmus disturbs normal fixation and saccadic behavior because of the presence of involuntary rhythmic oscillations of the eyes. Therefore, if the ratio is indeed a comprehensive measure of oculomotor problems, children with nystagmus should show an increased ratio score.
METHODS
The DEM test performances of normally sighted children (n = 94), children with ocular visual impairments (VIo; n = 33), and children with cerebral visual impairment (n = 30) were analyzed using linear regression. Part of the children with VIo and cerebral visual impairment had either fusion maldevelopment nystagmus syndrome (n = 8) or infantile nystagmus syndrome (n = 20), whereas the others showed no pathologic nystagmus.
RESULTS
The times needed for the horizontal and vertical subtests were significantly different between children with normal vision, VIo, and cerebral visual impairment (P .20), nor did it have an effect on the ratio (P > .10).
CONCLUSIONS
The DEM test ratio is not sensitive to fixation and saccade abnormalities associated with nystagmus, indicating that it does not have general construct validity to detect true eye movement disorders. Although not suitable for the evaluation of oculomotor disorders, the subtests do have clinical relevance in the diagnosis of cerebral visual impairment.
SIGNIFICANCE
In vivo confocal microscopy has become a popular method to observe the details of corneal structures. We consider the area of corneal structures to be a versatile index and have measured the areas of various corneal structures using a …
SIGNIFICANCE
The prevention and control of myopia have become a major public health task throughout the world. The analysis of the modifiable factors associated with myopia will help in planning concrete strategies that can be widely implemented by schools and families.
PURPOSE
This study assessed the modifiable factors associated with myopia and compared them between rural and urban regions.
METHODS
Data were collected from December 2020 to March 2021. A multistage stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 6154 middle school students. All children underwent an eye examination, including visual acuity and cycloplegic refraction. Data on near work, sleep, and outdoor activities were collected in questionnaires.
RESULTS
The myopia prevalence values in urban and rural regions were 68.1 and 63.7%, respectively (χ2 = 15.57, P 3 hours: OR, 0.38 [95% CI, 0.19 to 0.75]).
CONCLUSIONS
Homework loads and the time of going to sleep were associated with myopia for children in both urban and rural regions. However, time outdoors was only associated with myopia in urban regions, and taking breaks during near work was only associated with myopia in rural regions.
SIGNIFICANCE
When exploring relationships among clinical measures and patient-reported outcome measures in adults with convergence insufficiency, worse symptoms (Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Survey [CISS] score) seemed to be correlated with wo…
SIGNIFICANCE
This is a case-control study showing changes in accommodation in eyes with acute central serous chorioretinopathy. We found that decreased accommodative amplitude in the affected eyes may indicate suppression of parasympathetic activit…