Circadian rhythms in conditioned threat extinction emerge from a tissue-level circadian timekeeper, or local clock, in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC). Yet it remains unclear how this local clock contributes to extinction-dependent adaptati…
Understanding how spontaneous brain activity influences the response to neurostimulation is crucial for the development of neurotherapeutics and brain–computer interfaces. Localized brain activity is suggested to influence the response to neuros…
Communication in the form of nonverbal, social vocalization, or crying is evolutionary conserved in mammals and is impaired early in human infants that are later diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Defects in infant vocalization have been p…
The lateral habenula (LHb) has emerged as a pivotal brain region implicated in depression, displaying hyperactivity in human and animal models of depression. While the role of LHb efferents in depressive disorders has been acknowledged, the specific s…
Millisecond-scale temporal spiking patterns encode sensory information in the periphery, but their role in the neocortex remains controversial. The sense of touch provides a window into temporal coding because tactile neurons often exhibit precise, re…
Navigation requires integrating sensory information with a stable schema to create a dynamic map of an animal’s position using egocentric and allocentric coordinate systems. In the hippocampus, place cells encode allocentric space, but their fir…
Attention and decision-making processes are fundamental to cognition. However, they are usually experimentally confounded, making it difficult to link neural observations to specific processes. Here we separated the effects of selective attention from…
Making choices about whether and when to engage cognitive effort are a common feature of everyday experience, with important consequences for academic, career, and health outcomes. Yet, despite their hypothesized importance, very little is understood …