Cell Biology
Chemotherapy activates inflammasomes to cause inflammation-associated bone loss
Chemotherapy is a widely used treatment for a variety of solid and hematological malignancies. Despite its success in improving the survival rate of cancer patients, chemotherapy causes significant toxicity to multiple organs, including the skeleton, b…
Medicine
Bone canonical Wnt signaling is downregulated in type 2 diabetes and associates with higher advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) content and reduced bone strength
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with higher fracture risk, despite normal or high bone mineral density. We reported that bone formation genes (SOST and RUNX2) and advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) were impaired in T2D. We investigated Wnt sign…
Cell Biology
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor activation stimulates PKA-mediated phosphorylation of raptor and this contributes to the weight loss effect of liraglutide
The canonical target of the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R), Protein Kinase A (PKA), has been shown to stimulate mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1 (mTORC1) by phosphorylating the mTOR-regulating protein Raptor at Ser791 following β-ad…
Cell Biology
Increase of cell surface vimentin is associated with vimentin network disruption and subsequent stress-induced premature senescence in human chondrocytes
Accumulation of dysfunctional chondrocytes has detrimental consequences on the cartilage homeostasis and is thus thought to play a crucial role during the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA). However, the underlying mechanisms of phenotypical alteratio…
Cell Biology
Sclerostin small molecule inhibitors promote osteogenesis by activating canonical Wnt and BMP pathways
Background: The clinical healing environment after a posterior spinal arthrodesis surgery is one of the most clinically challenging bone healing environments across all orthopaedic interventions due to the absence of a contained space and the need to f…
Cell Biology
Melanocortin 1 receptor regulates cholesterol and bile acid metabolism in the liver
Melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1-R) is widely expressed in melanocytes and leukocytes and is thus strongly implicated in the regulation of skin pigmentation and inflammation. MC1-R has also been found in the rat and human liver, but its functional role has…
Cell Biology
Reciprocal interactions between alveolar progenitor dysfunction and aging promote lung fibrosis
Aging is a critical risk factor in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Dysfunction and loss of type 2 alveolar epithelial cells (AEC2s) with failed regeneration is a seminal causal event in the pathogenesis of IPF, although the precise mechanisms for …